Maritime safety management should not only focus on analyzing incidents and mistakes but also learn from everyday successes. This approach is known as Safety-II and emphasizes the ability to succeed in changing conditions.
The Difference Between Safety-I and Safety-II
Safety-I defines safety as the absence of incidents and anomalies and typically assumes that systems operate as designed. In contrast, Safety-II considers the ability to succeed in changing conditions and points out that human adaptability can contribute to operational success.
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This new approach allows maritime managers and personnel to focus not only on incidents but also on the factors that contribute to the success of maritime operations. This shift in approach can lead to improved safety and a reduction in incidents.
The Importance of Analyzing Successful Operations
Analyzing successful operations and examining why these operations were carried out without issues can help identify weaknesses and the need for improvements in design and procedures. For example, in the case of incidents caused by slips, falls, and collisions, focusing solely on training and individual awareness is not enough. There is a need for a deeper examination of design factors, workload, and available facilities.
This new approach enables ships and personnel to identify their specific hazards using previous experiences, thereby increasing safety. For instance, identifying hazardous areas on deck or non-functional equipment can help improve working conditions.
Challenges and Solutions
Maritime safety management must pay attention to the challenges present in maritime operations and utilize innovative methods to improve operational conditions. This includes examining whether new requirements are applicable in real-world conditions and distinguishing between necessary and dangerous deviations.
By adopting the Safety-II approach, the maritime industry can leverage successful operational experiences to enhance safety and reduce incidents. This shift in approach requires close collaboration between ship and shore teams, as well as between inspectors and managers.
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